Apache (mescalero) masked "Gan Dancer" or mountain spirit, representing a benevolent spirit and and is dancing to remove the evil spirits or "evil ones". Four dancers participate in the dance and represent the four cardinal points of the universe. The Apache were farmer-raider Indians of the North American Southwest who, under such leaders as Cochise, Mangas Coloradas, Geronimo, and Victorio, figured largely in the history of the region during the latter half of the 19th century. Their domain extended over what is now east central and southeastern Arizona, southeastern Colorado, southwestern and eastern New Mexico, western Texas. The ancestors of the Apache (and the Navajo) apparently were from the far north, for the Apachean languages are distantly related to other Athabascan languages spoken in Canada. The Apache subsistence pattern was based partly on hunting and on gathering wild plant foods, partly on farming, and partly on raiding. The last of the Apache wars ended in 1886 with the surrender of Geronimo and his few remaining followers. The Apache population totalled about 11,000 in the late 20th century. The Western Apache live on the Fort Apache and San Carlos reservations in east central Arizona. The Chiricahua (except those still living near Apache, Okla.), the Mescalero, and the Lipan live on the Mescalero Reservation, which is located in southern New Mexico. The Jicarilla have a reservation situated in north central New Mexico. Painting was done from a photograph believed to be taken at the San Carlo Agency, circa 1899.